Swami Vivekananda: The Messiah of Tolerance
At the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago, 125 years
ago, Swami Vivekananda delivered his landmark address, about the need for
harmony of religions. He spoke not only about universal toleration but of acceptance
of all religions as true; he appealed to all religious and spiritual leaders to
shun all forms of religious fanaticism, persecution, and violence. He will be
remembered not only in India but throughout the world as the Messiah of Tolerance
and India’s Prophet of Harmony of Religions.
Swami Vivekananda’s perspective was inspired by his guru,
Ramakrishna Paramhansa, who promoted the doctrine of ‘Jato Mat, Tato Path’
which recognizes the potential of all religions to act as means of attaining
spiritual enlightenment: ‘Ekam sad vipraha bahuda vavanti.’
Vivekananda would narrate the story of ‘kupa manduka’,
frog-in-the-well, as being illustrative of the closed minds of religious
bigots. He believed that holiness, purity, and charity are not exclusive domains
of any particular religion and that every religion has produced individuals of
exalted character. He further said that if anybody dreams of the exclusive
survival of his own religion and destruction of the others, “I pity him from
the bottom of my heart.”
Swami Vivekananda turned the universal philosophy of Vedanta
into a driver of social change, for he believed that true religion taught
people to recognize the divinity of people and the need to engage in selfless
service to the needy: Daridra Narayan seva. He had raised money for the
construction of Belur Math to feed the famine-hit in 1897 and again in 1898 served
plague victims in Kolkata. Belur Math temple incorporates the architecture
associated with places of worship of each religion. There are monks in the
Ramakrishna Order who are Muslim, Christian, Jew and Hindu; they live together
peacefully and engage in service.
All narrow, limited, conflicting ideas of religion have to
go, said the Swami. All sectarian ideas must be given up. There is only one,
infinite religion that is eternal. Religious quarrels are always over the
husks. When purity and spirituality go, leaving the soul dry, quarrels begin,
and not before. Therefore he said, “Follow one and respect all because you may
be born into any religion but you cannot not die in it.” The essence of
religion is God-consciousness.
Swami Vivekananda said our watchword should be acceptance
and not exclusion. “Toleration means that I think that you are wrong and I am
just allowing you to live, that is, I am tolerating you. Is it not blasphemy
to think that you and I are allowing others to live? I accept all religions
that were in the past and worship with them. I worship God with every one of
them, in whatever form they worship him.”
Let us hope that Swami Vivekananda’s call for unity, love, and tolerance is given the importance it deserves so that more people can learn
to live in peace and harmony with one another. Swamiji did believe that we need
to keep our hopes alive and that the end of fanaticism and intolerance may be at
hand- that we do have a choice and that we can do better, and thinking these
thoughts and practicing these give us hope for a better world. A world without
hate and conflict, where everyone respects the other, for there is enough room
for all.
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